在寒冷的空气中减弱耐力能力,从皮肤冷却到轻度低温
Phillip J Wallace1, Geoffrey L Hartley2, Josh G Nowlan1
1Environmental Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|November 9, 2023
概括
暴露在冷空气中显著降低了耐力能力. 仅仅皮肤冷却就会使运动耐受性降低31%,而轻度低温 (核心冷却) 则会进一步降低30-40%.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 环境的极端情况
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 暴露于寒冷对耐力能力构成风险.
- 对于运动员和军事人员来说,了解寒冷应变和运动表现之间的剂量反应关系至关重要.
- 以前的研究还没有完全阐明不同程度的寒冷应变对耐力的具体影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同程度的冷空气暴露对骑自行车耐力能力的影响.
- 为了确定冷应变 (皮肤冷却与轻度低温) 和在70%的峰值功率输出时耗尽的时间 (TTE) 之间的剂量反应关系.
- 量化皮肤冷却和随后的核心冷却引起的耐力能力损害.
主要方法:
- 这是一项随机交叉对照研究,涉及10名男性.
- 参与者在四种条件下完成了在70%的峰值功率输出下完成循环时间到疲劳 (TTE) 测试:热中性 (22°C),冷 (0°C空气,皮肤冷却),轻度低温 -0.5°C (HYPO-0.5°C) 和轻度低温 -1.0°C (HYPO-1.0°C).
- 核心和皮肤温度在整个研究过程中都被监测.
主要成果:
- 对于TTE,观察到一个显著的条件效应 (P ≤ 0.001).
- 与热中性条件相比,TTE在冷条件下减少了30.9%,在HYPO-0.5°C下减少了61.4%,在HYPO-1.0°C下减少了71.6%.
- 与HYPO-0.5°C和HYPO-1.0°C相比,在冷条件下耐力能力显著更大,两种低温条件之间没有差异.
结论:
- 耐力能力受损的早期开始与皮肤冷却在冷空气暴露期间.
- 轻度低温会加剧耐力能力的减少,在 -0.5°C和 -1.0°C核心温度下降之间没有显著差异.
- 简单地冷却皮肤就会降低耐力,而核心冷却会显著放大这种效果.
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