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相关概念视频

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Addition–Elimination (SNAr)01:30

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Addition–Elimination (SNAr)

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Nucleophilic substitution in aromatic compounds is feasible in substrates bearing strong electron-withdrawing substituents positioned ortho or para to the leaving group. The reaction proceeds via two steps: the addition of the nucleophile and the elimination of the leaving group.
The reaction begins with an attack of the nucleophile on the carbon that holds the leaving group. This results in the delocalization of the π electrons over the ring carbons. The resonance interaction between...
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Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

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Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
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Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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一个骨架随机化策略,用于高性能状芳香聚合物.

Quanfeng Zhou1, Cheng Liu1, Jinlun Li1

  • 1College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China. xcliu3@gzu.edu.cn.

Materials horizons
|November 9, 2023
PubMed
概括

结合聚合物 (CPs) 的骨随机化改善了溶解度和结晶度,克服了有机电子学中的一个关键挑战. 这导致有机场效应晶体管 (OFET) 的性能显著提高.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 有机电子 有机电子

背景情况:

  • 在有机场效应晶体管 (OFET) 中优化电荷传输需要平衡结合聚合物 (CP) 的溶液可加工性和薄膜结晶性.
  • 传统方法往往会在溶解度和结晶度之间产生反向关系,这构成了重大挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种结合聚合物,同时提高可溶性和结晶性.
  • 调查骨随机化对聚合物特性和OFET性能的影响.

主要方法:

  • 使用骨随机化策略与para-azaquinodimethane (p-AQM) 和oligothiophenes合成了一种类素供体结合聚合物PA4T-Ra.
  • 将PA4T-Ra与常规聚合物同类进行比较,以评估可溶性,结晶性和晶格障碍.
  • 在环境空气条件下制造和测试PA4T-Ra基OFET.

主要成果:

  • 随机聚合物PA4T-Ra在溶解度和结晶度上同时呈现出改善,聚合度中等,晶格障碍最小.
  • 基于PA4T-Ra的OFET实现了3.11cm2V-1s-1的高孔流动性,大约是对照聚合物的30倍.
  • 证明随机的聚合物骨干序列可以增强而不是降低结晶性.

结论:

  • 骨随机化是设计高性能合聚合物的有效策略.
  • 这种方法克服了溶解度-晶度的权衡,使先进的有机电子学成为可能.
  • 开辟了控制聚合物聚合和开发下一代CP的新途径.