积极情绪和积极情绪对执行职能的影响:系统审查和元分析
1Institute of Sport Science, Sport Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Cognition & emotion
|November 9, 2023
概括
积极的情绪 (PE) 可以影响像执行功能 (EFs) 这样的认知功能. 这次审查发现,虽然PEs被成功诱导,但它们对健康成年人的EF没有显著影响.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 情感科学是一种情感科学.
背景情况:
- 积极情绪 (PE) 理论上影响执行功能 (EF),包括抑制,工作记忆和认知灵活性.
- 之前关于PE对EF影响的研究和元分析得出了相互矛盾的结果.
- 需要对PE诱导和EF评估方法进行更清晰的概念化,以解决差异.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析实验诱导的积极情绪对健康成年人执行功能的影响.
- 为包含的研究中使用的PE诱导方法和EF测量工具提供详细的描述.
- 通过专注于PE和EF之间的关系来解决相互矛盾的发现.
主要方法:
- 通过PRIMUS.COM通过多个数据库 (ERIC,MEDLINE,Psych ARTICLES,Psych INFO,SocINDEX) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 纳入标准要求健康的成年参与者 (>18岁),控制的基于实验室的PE诱导,基线测量,对照条件和验证的EF测量.
- 从最初识别的6661篇文章中,包括了代表20项实验研究的13篇文章.
主要成果:
- 诱导积极情绪是成功的,导致自我报告的价值和/或积极情绪增加.
- 没有发现积极情绪对执行功能的统计学上显著的整体影响 (d = -0.051,p = .405).
- 研究结果表明,实验诱导的积极情绪可能不会在健康成年人中可靠地增强执行功能.
结论:
- 虽然在实验室环境中可以有效地诱导积极情绪,但根据目前的证据,它们对执行职能的影响似乎可以忽略不计.
- 缺乏重大发现的潜在原因,例如方法变化或EFS的特殊性质,需要进一步调查.
- 未来的研究应该继续探索积极影响和认知控制之间的细微关系,可能检查不同的群体或情绪诱导范式.
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