生态系统总产品 (GEP):为环境和经济政策创新量化性质
Hua Zheng1,2, Tong Wu3, Zhiyun Ouyang4,5
1State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China. zhenghua@rcees.ac.cn.
Ambio
|November 9, 2023
概括
该研究引入了生态系统总产品 (GEP),这是一个新的衡量标准,用于估值大自然的贡献. 在全球范围内,GEP会计为生态绩效和可持续发展政策提供了关键的见解.
科学领域:
- 生态经济学生态经济学
- 环境会计环境会计
- 自然资本评估自然资本评估
背景情况:
- 全球生态系统面临重大资产损失,减少了大自然对人类的好处.
- 迫切需要将改进的生态绩效指标整合到决策过程中.
研究的目的:
- 介绍和解释生态系统总产品 (GEP) 作为生态系统产品和服务货币价值的衡量标准.
- 突出GEP会计透明度和理解的五个关键要素.
- 介绍基于中国实施的GEP的创新政策及其全球适用性.
主要方法:
- GEP会计量化了生态系统服务在经济生产中的使用.
- 基于生态系统服务对社会利益的估值.
- 分析GEP的五个核心组成部分:自然的贡献,资产/服务流,服务使用,价值实现和收益分类.
主要成果:
- GEP提供了一个透明和可理解的框架来衡量大自然的经济贡献.
- GEP会计将生态系统服务的使用整合到经济过程中,评估社会利益.
- 基于GEP的创新政策已经在中国开发和实施.
结论:
- GEP提供了一个强大的生态绩效指标,支持绿色和包容性发展.
- 中国与GEP的经验为国际政策创新提供了宝贵的教训.
- 将GEP纳入决策过程对于应对生态系统退化和确保可持续发展至关重要.
相关概念视频
Primary Production
23.6K
The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
23.6K
Production Efficiency
16.9K
Net production efficiency (NPE) is the efficiency at which organisms assimilate energy into biomass for the next trophic level. Due to low metabolic rates and less energy spent on thermoregulatory processes, the NPE of ectotherms (cold-blooded animals) is 10 times higher than endotherms (warm-blooded animals).
16.9K
Trophic Efficiency
20.6K
Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) is a measure of the total energy transfer from one trophic level to the next. Due to extensive energy loss as metabolic heat, an average of only 10% of the original energy obtained is passed on to the next level. This pattern of energy loss severely limits the possible number of trophic levels in a food chain.
20.6K
What is an Ecosystem?
39.7K
Overview
39.7K
The Soil Ecosystem
20.1K
Plants obtain inorganic minerals and water from the soil, which acts as a natural medium for land plants. The composition and quality of soil depend not only on the chemical constituents but also on the presence of living organisms. In general, soils contain three major components:
20.1K
Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
29
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
29


