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在马拉维诊断食道状细胞癌后的生存率
Bongani Kaimila1,2, Yingxi Chen3, Gift Mulima4
1UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi.
JCO global oncology
|November 9, 2023
概括
马拉维的食道状细胞癌 (ESCC) 诊断后的生存率很差. 息化疗改善了生存率,但预防和早期检测对于降低ESCC死亡率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 食道癌 (EC) 是马拉维癌症相关死亡的主要原因,食道状细胞癌 (ESCC) 占90%以上的病例.
- 尽管发病率和死亡率很高,但马拉维的ESCC结果的综合数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估在马拉维诊断出ESCC的患者的生存率,并确定与死亡相关的因素.
- 为该地区的ESCC提供改善患者管理和公共卫生战略的关键数据.
主要方法:
- 在利隆威的卡穆祖中央医院进行了一项病例控制研究,从2017年8月到2020年4月,招募了300名ESCC患者.
- 通过问卷,生物样本和瘤活检收集患者数据,并通过电话跟踪直到2020年12月.
- 生存分析采用卡普兰-梅尔方法和日志等级测试,考克斯回归模型检查治疗与死亡率的关联.
主要成果:
- 在300名注册患者中,有290人已知生命状况,282人 (97%) 在随访期间死亡. 平均存活时间为106天.
- 一年,两年和三年生存率分别为11%,3%和0.9%. 报名时的平均年龄为55岁.
- 化疗显著改善整体存活率 (P=.038) 和降低死亡率 (aHR=0.71). 烟草,酒精和艾滋病毒状况与死亡率没有显著关联.
结论:
- 马拉维的ESCC的生存结果特别糟糕,这凸显了迫切需要进行干预.
- 虽然缓性化疗显示出生存益处,但在人口层面的改善需要专注于预防和早期发现疾病.
- 进一步的研究和加强的医疗保健策略对于打击马拉维高ESCC负担至关重要.
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