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预防溺水的概念定义:德尔菲研究
Justin-Paul Scarr1,2, Jagnoor Jagnoor3,4
1Injury Division, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia jscarr@georgeinstitute.org.au.
概括
通过使用德尔菲方法,制定了预防溺水的新定义. 这种基于共识的定义强调了一种多学科的方法,以减少溺水风险和建立弹性,这对于全球健康和安全倡议至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 全球卫生安全 全球卫生安全
- 伤害预防 预防伤害
背景情况:
- 全球对预防溺水的支持正在增加,联合国和世界卫生大会的决议证明了这一点.
- 目前还没有一个普遍认可的关于预防溺水的定义.
- 这项研究解决了对标准化定义的需求,以指导国际努力.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个概念定义,以防止溺水.
- 通过使用德尔菲方法建立对定义的共识.
- 为了区分溺水预防与水安全.
主要方法:
- 进行了文档审查,以告知达成共识的过程.
- 一个咨询小组和各种各样的专家参与者被招募到德尔菲调查.
- 用两轮调查来完善和同意定义,共识所需的支持率≥70%.
主要成果:
- 来自不同背景和不同国家的134名参与者做出了贡献.
- 50.74%的人不同意溺水预防和水上安全是同义词.
- 对于定义达成共识 (97.27%),溺水预防是一种多学科的方法,通过基于证据的措施来减少溺水风险和建立弹性,解决危险,暴露和脆弱性.
结论:
- 德尔菲方法成功地促进了共同开发用于预防溺水的概念定义.
- 这一商定的定义可以加强与健康和可持续发展议程的多部门行动和伙伴关系.
- 通过脆弱性和暴露来定义溺水预防可能会加强对社会决定因素和上游因素的关注.
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