以人为中心的初级卫生保健:一个范围审查
Resham B Khatri1,2, Eskinder Wolka3, Frehiwot Nigatu3
1School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. rkchettri@gmail.com.
BMC primary care
|November 9, 2023
概括
综合以人为中心的卫生服务 (IPCHS) 是实现全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 的关键. 本综述综合了以人为中心的初级卫生保健 (PHC) 的证据,突出了改善卫生系统交付的战略.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 主要医疗保健管理的管理.
背景情况:
- 以人为中心的综合卫生服务 (IPCHS) 对于实现全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 至关重要.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 促进IPCHS,以改善医疗服务的提供和获取.
- 本范围审查综合了以人为中心的初级医疗保健 (PHC) 和初级医疗保健的证据.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合现有关于以人为中心的初级卫生保健 (PHC) 的文献.
- 确定与以人民为中心的公共卫生服务实施相关的主题和策略.
主要方法:
- 在八个主要的学术数据库中进行了全面的范围审查.
- 使用系统性审查和元分析扩展范围审查 (PRISMA-ScR) 检查清单的首选报告项目来选择研究.
- 使用盖尔的框架进行了主题分析,主题与世卫组织IPCHS框架保持一致.
主要成果:
- 包括52项研究,主要来自高收入国家 (HIC),重点关注以患者为中心的初级保健.
- 在五个世卫组织IPCHS组件中出现了关键主题:社区参与,治理,护理重定位,服务协调和有利环境.
- 具体策略包括社区赋权,相互问责,多病症护理,跨部门伙伴关系和灵活管理.
结论:
- 以人为中心的卫生保健方法在HIC中比在低收入国家更为普遍.
- 加强以人为中心的医疗保健的战略包括最终用户参与,问责机制,住院护理模式和社区协调.
- 灵活的管理对于创造有利的环境来加强卫生系统以以人为中心的PHC提供至关重要.
相关概念视频
Primary Healthcare Services
1.4K
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
1.4K
Patient-centered Care
2.0K
Patient-centered care involves delivering care beyond inpatient hospitalization. Reflective practice can enhance a patient-centered approach. Reflective practice is a process of reasoning that considers all aspects of the present situation, including practicalities, learning from personal practice, and consideration of patient needs. Patients appreciate care decisions made while considering their input. Involving the patient in their care provides the patient with a sense of contribution rather...
2.0K
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.3K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.3K
Secondary Healthcare System
1.5K
Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...
1.5K
Documentation in Long-Term and Home Healthcare Setting
897
Documentation in long-term care facilities and home healthcare settings is crucial for ensuring continuous, coordinated, and comprehensive care for patients. Each setting has its specific documentation processes and tools:
Long-Term Care Facilities
Long-Term Care Facilities
897
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II
734
Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
734


