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安全的患者处理设备和技术的有效性:生物力学研究的综述

Mike Fray¹, Kermit G Davis²

¹Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK.

|November 10, 2023

概括

辅助设备显著降低了患者处理中的身体风险. 地板/天花板升降机最适合转移,而空气辅助设备有助于重新定位,尽管一些任务需要更多的研究.

科学领域:

生物力学生物力学
职业健康职业健康职业健康
康复工程康复工程康复工程

背景情况:

处理病人的活动对护理人员造成了相当大的身体需求.
辅助设备是减轻患者处理过程中的身体风险的关键策略.
了解这些设备的生物力学影响对于优化它们的使用和安全至关重要.

研究的目的:

系统地审查和评估与使用辅助设备在患者处理相关的生物力学影响.
综合各种辅助设备在不同患者处理任务中的有效性的证据.

主要方法:

在谷歌学者,Medline和ISI科学网上进行了全面的文献搜索.
包括的研究集中在使用辅助设备对患者处理活动的生物力学评估上.
分析了符合纳入标准的56项研究.

主要成果:

生物力学影响被分为身体姿势变化,主观评估,测量力和生理措施.
升降机,空气辅助装置和减少摩擦的装置显示了侧向转移和重新定位的好处.
地板和天花板电梯在患者转移方面表现出最高的有效性.

结论:

越来越多的生物力学证据支持在许多患者处理任务中使用辅助设备.
对于特定转移和高风险活动 (例如,支持平衡问题或跌倒的个人) 的辅助设备的好处需要进一步调查.
根据目前的证据,建议在特定的患者处理场景中使用地板/天花板升降机和空气辅助设备.

关键词:

生物力学生物力学横向转移横向转移横向转移病人处理处理处理重新定位重新定位.脊柱负荷增加脊柱负荷增加

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