在多户住宅模型中模拟能源使用,室内温度和公用事业成本的影响,以应对气候变暖
Catherine L Connolly1,2, Chad W Milando3, Kimberly Vermeer4
1Department of Environmental Health, Boston University, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA. clc2262@cumc.columbia.edu.
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
|November 10, 2023
概括
气候变化将增加室内夏季温度,特别是对于没有空调 (AC) 的房屋. 有针对性的补贴和能源效率改造可以减轻热量暴露和有效管理公用事业成本.
科学领域:
- 环境科学环境科学
- 建筑科学 建筑科学
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 由于气候变化导致的全球气温上升会影响室内环境和能源消耗.
- 较冷的气候面临着平衡减少加热和增加冷却需求的挑战.
- 在极端高温期间,缺乏空调接入不成比例地影响了弱势群体.
研究的目的:
- 模拟未来气候条件对波士顿多户住宅室内温度和能源成本的影响.
- 评估空调 (AC) 接入和冷却补贴政策的有效性.
- 评估交流政策和能源效率改造的综合影响.
主要方法:
- 利用EnergyPlus建筑模拟程序来模拟一个典型的多户住宅.
- 模拟当前 (2020) 和未来 (2050) 的天气条件.
- 分析了家庭没有空调,部分空调和全空调的情景,包括政策干预.
主要成果:
- 未来的天气没有政策变化,室内夏季温度增加了2.1°C (没有空调),冷却需求增加了34-50%,但净年度公用事业成本下降了 (-21美元至-38美元).
- 冷却补贴政策导致了更多的空调使用,降低了室内温度 (-3.5°C至 -6.2°C),但增加了年度净公用事业成本 (2美元至94美元).
- 能源效率改造与交流政策相结合,提供了更大的节约,主要是由于减少了供暖使用.
结论:
- 应对气候变化的协调公共政策对于健康和气候公平都至关重要.
- 政策应该考虑增加交流使用,能源成本和热舒适度之间的权衡.
- 能源效率措施显著提高了气候适应战略的好处.
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