儿童急性鼻炎的时间趋势围绕COVID-19大流行
Sandhya Kalavacherla1, Madelyn Hall2, Wen Jiang3,4
1School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
概括
儿童急性鼻炎的发病率在COVID-19大流行期间下降,但相关并发症显著增加. 病毒感染模式的这种转变凸显了在最初的封锁期间和之后显著的公共卫生影响.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的流行以及相关的公共卫生措施,如封锁,影响了各种传染病.
- 了解这些对急性鼻炎等常见儿科疾病的影响,对于公共卫生准备至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估儿科急性鼻炎及其并发症的国家发病率模式.
- 与大流行前基线相比,分析COVID-19初始封锁期间和之后这些模式的变化.
主要方法:
- 从2015年到2022年对儿科健康信息系统数据库的回顾性审查.
- 对急性鼻炎和并发症发病率数据的分析,分为COVID-19前,最初的流行病和流行病后的时期.
- 包括威尔科克森等级总和测试,多变量逻辑回归和ARIMA模型在内的统计方法被用于比较发病率和并发症率.
主要成果:
- 在42个中心共确定了2535例儿科急性鼻炎入院病例.
- 急性鼻炎的发病率在最初的流行病 (T2) 期间下降,但在流行病后的时期 (T3) 与流行病前的水平相比 (T1) 增加.
- 尽管T2期间鼻炎发病率下降,但与T1相比,T2和T3中的并发症率显著增加 (37.4%和39%对27.5%).
结论:
- 该研究观察到儿科急性鼻炎发病率的同时下降,以及在最初的COVID-19大流行期间和之后相关并发症的增加.
- 这些发现表明,病毒感染模式的转变归因于大流行.
- 结果强调在全球卫生事件的背景下,需要对常见的儿科感染及其并发症进行持续监测.
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