全球卫生工作者移民的负面影响,以及如何应对它
J Eaton1, F Baingana2, M Abdulaziz3
1London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
Public health
|November 10, 2023
概括
医疗保健工作者,特别是医生的国际移民有利于高收入国家,但损害了低收入和中等收入国家. 汇款无法抵消经济损失,需要增加当地培训,以防止大脑流失.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 医疗卫生工作人员的移民
- 医疗保健的社会经济学
背景情况:
- 医疗保健工作者的国际移民是一个显著的趋势,影响着高收入接受国和低收入和中等收入来源国.
- 富裕国家招聘在低收入国家接受培训的医疗保健专业人员的数量显著增加.
研究的目的:
- 利用通用医学委员会 (GMC) 数据分析英国国际训练有素医生的增长情况.
- 评估卫生保健工作者移民对低收入和中等收入国家的经济和卫生服务影响.
主要方法:
- 对英国医生通用医疗委员会 (GMC) 注册数据的分析.
- 评估经济影响,包括汇款与培训费用,以及返回移民率.
主要成果:
- 自2018年以来,在英国新注册的GMC中,超过一半是国外培训的医生.
- 移民导致医疗服务供应较差,并在来源国家造成重大经济损失.
- 汇款和技能转移的好处被来源国所承受的成本所压倒;返回移民是最小的.
结论:
- 低收入和中等收入国家的医疗保健工作者移民成本明显超过了汇款等利益.
- 在低收入和中等收入国家,对卫生系统的紧急投资和护士和医生的培训增加至关重要.
- 依靠国际招聘来填补医疗保健缺口是不可持续的,对发展中国家来说是有害的.
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