压力诱导的β细胞早期衰老可以防止1型糖尿病的发生
Hugo Lee1, Gulcan Semra Sahin1, Chien-Wen Chen2
1Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Cell metabolism
|November 10, 2023
概括
在β细胞中删除特定的未折叠蛋白质响应 (UPR) 基因会触发早期衰老,增强M2巨细胞的招募,并解决炎症以保护1型糖尿病 (T1D). 这种衰老特征也在人类T1D患者中发现.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 1型糖尿病 (T1D) 涉及胰腺β细胞的自身免疫破坏.
- 在T1D进展期间,β细胞需要适应性应激反应才能生存.
- 维护β细胞功能和对自身免疫的生存的机制尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查展开蛋白质响应 (UPR) 基因Atf6α和Ire1α在T1D期间β细胞适应中的作用.
- 探索UPR,β细胞衰老和T1D病原体中的免疫反应之间的联系.
- 为了确定β细胞衰老是否是人类T1D的一个保留特征.
主要方法:
- 在非肥胖糖尿病小鼠 (NOD) 的β细胞中删除UPR基因 (Atf6α或Ire1α).
- 对β细胞衰老表型,分泌体和免疫细胞透 (M2巨细胞) 的分析.
- 评估小岛炎症,β细胞亡,以及对T1D发展的保护.
- 从人类T1D患者的残余β细胞中检查p21介导的衰老特征.
主要成果:
- 删除Atf6α或Ire1α诱导了β细胞中的p21驱动的早期衰老.
- 改变的β细胞机密增强的白血病抑制因子介导的M2巨细胞招募到小岛.
- M2巨细胞促进了抗炎反应,解决了小岛炎症并减少了β细胞亡.
- 早期的β细胞衰老保护了小鼠的T1D发育.
- 在T1D患者的残余β细胞中保留了p21介导的衰老特征.
结论:
- 贝塔细胞UPR和衰老是相关的,影响T1D的免疫反应.
- 诱导的β细胞衰老促进抗炎M2巨细胞的招募,保护T1D.
- 贝塔细胞衰老是人类T1D中保存的特征,表明一个潜在的治疗点.
- 利用β细胞衰老可能为T1D提供一种新的预防策略.
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