审查中等规模的实地试验,以支持废物形式的处置
James J Neeway1, Hilary P Emerson1, R Matthew Asmussen1
1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.
Chemosphere
|November 10, 2023
概括
安全的核废弃物处理需要了解废物与工程障碍和地质学的相互作用. 中等规模的测试对于改进绩效评估模型和确保长期限制高水平废物 (HLW) 和低水平废物 (LLW) 至关重要.
科学领域:
- 核废物管理 核废物管理
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 核废物,包括废核燃料 (SNF),高水平废物 (HLW) 和低水平废物 (LLW),都来自核反应堆和武器生产.
- 安全处置策略包括地下放置或再加工成稳定的矿物/玻璃形式,用于地质存储库或近地表面设施.
- 放射性材料的长期制依赖于废物形式的稳定性及其与工程障碍和地质环境的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关核废物形式及其周围环境 (工程障碍和地质材料) 之间的相互作用的现有文献.
- 识别在预测长期废物形式性能方面的知识缺口和不确定性.
- 为提高核废物性能评估模型的稳定性提出建议.
主要方法:
- 对废物形式与环境相互作用研究的文献综述.
- 分析实验室规模实验模拟处置条件的局限性.
- 强调中级测试的实用性,以弥合知识差距.
主要成果:
- 实验室研究往往无法捕捉与实际处置环境相关的复杂,合的过程.
- 了解废物形式特征,工程障碍和地质形成之间的相互作用对于预测放射性核酸释放至关重要.
- 中级测试提供了一种有价值的方法,可以更好地代表现实世界处置场景,并验证性能模型.
结论:
- 准确的核废弃物处理性能评估模型需要关于废弃物形式相互作用的全面数据.
- 通过中级测试等方法解决不确定性对于确保废弃场所的安全和保障至关重要.
- 对废物形式耐用性和环境相互作用的进一步研究将增强对长期废物管理策略的信心.
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