受邀评论:"益生菌"方法改善乳制品生产:重新评估"神奇的foo-foo尘埃"
R El Jeni1, C Villot2, O Y Koyun1
1Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.
Journal of dairy science
|November 10, 2023
概括
乳牛的肠道微生物群显著影响它们的健康和生产力. 益生菌因复杂的宿主-微生物相互作用而表现出可变的疗效,需要量身定制的方法来改善乳制品养殖结果.
科学领域:
- 动物微生物学 动物微生物学
- 动物生理学 动物生理学
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
背景情况:
- 胃肠道微生物联盟对于奶牛的能量来说至关重要,它影响了生长,生产,食品安全和环境影响.
- 替代抗生素的替代品,如益生菌,越来越多地用于乳牛生产,受到诸如兽医料指令等法规的推动.
- 直接养的微生物 (益生菌) 在乳牛中的有效性是高度可变的,受复杂的宿主-微生物相互作用的影响.
研究的目的:
- 探索乳牛中胃肠道微生物群体的关键作用.
- 研究益生菌和直接养微生物在改变肠道微生物组成方面的可变疗效.
- 了解微生物生态系统和宿主生理学之间影响乳制品生产的复杂相互作用.
主要方法:
- 利用下一代测序来分析肠道微生物社区组成的变化.
- 检查宿主动物的生理因素,包括免疫系统,荷尔蒙和表观遗传学.
- 评估微生物变化对动物健康,性能和发酵参数的影响.
主要成果:
- 益生菌方法可以改变肠道微生物的组成,可能会影响动物的健康 (例如,腹,肠道完整性) 和性能 (例如,生长,繁殖).
- 下一代测序提供了关于益生菌如何影响微生物特征,发酵参数 (如pH,短链脂肪酸,甲) 和甲生产的见解.
- 直接养微生物的有效性不均,取决于生产阶段和农场环境.
结论:
- 乳牛中的益生菌作用是复杂的,涉及复杂的微生物生态和宿主生理相互作用,而不仅仅是简单的假设机制.
- 了解这些复杂的相互作用对于开发有效的益生菌策略来提高乳制品生产和利能力至关重要.
- 所有直接养的微生物并非均等;它们的成功取决于特定的宿主微生物动态和环境条件.
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