从陆地到海洋的转变对形脊柱的进化整合和模块化的影响
Juan Miguel Esteban1, Alberto Martín-Serra2, Alejandro Pérez-Ramos2
1Departamento de Ecología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain. jmesteban@uma.es.
Communications biology
|November 10, 2023
概括
皮尼佩德 (Pinnipedia) 脊柱在适应海洋生物后的整合减少. 不同的海群体 (Otariidae和Phocidae) 呈现出不同的轴组织,可能是由于运动差异.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学.
- 脊椎动物的古生物学
背景情况:
- 从陆地到水中环境的过渡为脊椎动物解剖学带来了独特的进化挑战.
- 了解骨整合和模块化的变化是解读进化适应的关键.
- 足动物 (食肉动物;Pinnipedia) 代表着陆地祖先 (足动物) 对海洋生活方式的显著次要适应.
研究的目的:
- 调查陆地-水域过渡如何影响足动物的轴向整合和模块化.
- 将足动物的脊柱组织与它们的陆地亲属进行比较.
- 为了探索主要型动物群 (Otariidae和Phocidae) 之间轴向组织的差异.
主要方法:
- 采用3D几何形态测量来分析前 sacral 脊椎之间的形状共变.
- 足动物和足动物的轴向整合和模块化的量化模式.
- 针对Otariidae (海狮,毛) 和Phocidae (真正的海) 进行了单独的整合分析.
主要成果:
- 与裂类动物相比,钉钉的脊柱显示出前分骨脊椎之间的整合减少.
- 在Otariidae和Phocidae之间发现了轴向组织的显著差异.
- 类动物表现出集成的胸椎,而类动物缺乏高度集成的脊椎.
结论:
- 尖的脊柱已经从它们的陆地祖先显著地重组.
- 在轴组织中观察到的差异可能与不同的水中运动策略有关 (盆腔与胸部振荡).
- 针式轴模块化比简单的陆地模式同质化要复杂得多.
相关概念视频
02:22The Colonization of Land
34.3K
Changes in the environment of the early Earth drove the evolution of organisms. As prokaryotic organisms in the oceans began to photosynthesize, they produced oxygen. Eventually, oxygen saturated the oceans and entered the air, resulting in an increase in atmospheric oxygen concentration, known as the oxygen revolution approximately 2.3 billion years ago. Therefore, organisms that could use oxygen for cellular respiration had an advantage. More than 1.5 years ago, eukaryotic cells and...
34.3K
02:35What is Evolutionary History?
36.5K
Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.
36.5K
01:54Convergent Evolution
27.8K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
27.8K
02:55The Evidence for Evolution
42.8K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
42.8K
01:23Phylogeny
44.2K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
44.2K
01:07Speciation Rates
21.2K
Overview
21.2K