饮食,免疫功能和氧化应激的季节性变化在居住在地中海气候的三种鸟中
Natalia Ramírez-Otarola1, Karin Maldonado2, Fernanda Valdés-Ferranty3
1Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile. natalia.ramirez@umayor.cl.
Oecologia
|November 10, 2023
概括
季节性饮食变化对鸟类免疫力和氧化状况的影响在物种之间不同. 虽然一些鸟类表现出免疫评分和抗氧化能力的变化,但这些影响是特定于物种的,突出显示了对环境变化的各种反应.
科学领域:
- 鸟类生态学和生理学
- 营养免疫学 营养免疫学
- 氧化应激研究研究 氧化应激研究
背景情况:
- 免疫功能和氧化状态是受到饮食影响的能源密集型特征.
- 在温带环境中,食物的可用性和质量的季节性波动可能会影响这些特征.
- 有限的研究存在于季节性饮食变化如何影响鸟类免疫功能.
研究的目的:
- 调查季节性饮食变化的影响免疫功能和氧化状态在三个鸟物种.
- 评估同位素利基宽度和热量水平 (δ15N) 的变化与生理反应的关系.
- 为了确定这些影响是否在不同饮食品牌 (无食者,昆虫食者,食者) 中是一致的.
主要方法:
- 稳定同位素分析 (δ15N) 来确定热带水平和的宽度.
- 免疫变量的测量:血液溶解和血液凝结分数.
- 氧化状态参数的评估:脂质过氧化和总抗氧化能力 (TAC).
主要成果:
- 血液溶解得分因季节性变化而变化,在杂食动物Zonotrichia capensis中 (在冬季更高).
- 在冬季, *Z. capensis* 和 *Spinus barbatus* 杂食动物的总抗氧化能力 (TAC) 增加.
- 在冬季, *Z. capensis* 和 *S. barbatus* 的同位素宽度较小; δ15N 在杂食物种下降.
- 在 *Z. capensis* 中,没有发现免疫反应/TAC 和热量水平之间的相关性.
- 在 *S. barbatus* 中,较低的营养水平与TAC增加相关,但免疫力没有改变.
结论:
- 饮食变化对鸟类的氧化状态和免疫功能没有统一的影响.
- 对于季节性环境变化,物种特有的生理反应是显而易见的.
- 生态和进化因素对于理解饮食在鸟类免疫力和氧化平衡中的作用至关重要.
相关概念视频
Migration
7.9K
Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
7.9K
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses
34.7K
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
34.7K
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.5K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.5K
Conservation of Declining Populations
9.6K
Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent populations from going extinct.
9.6K
Frequency-dependent Selection
22.0K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
22.0K
Types of Selection
40.5K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
40.5K


