在特殊行动人员中重复暴露于爆炸的神经效应
James R Stone1, Brian B Avants1, Nicholas J Tustison1
1Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Journal of neurotrauma
|November 11, 2023
概括
经过多次爆炸暴露的军事人员表现出神经炎症的迹象. 这项试点研究将爆炸暴露与大脑变化和炎症标志物联系起来,表明需要进一步研究与战斗有关的脑损伤.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 军事医学 军事医学
- 炎症研究 炎症研究
背景情况:
- 与战斗有关的伤害经常涉及爆炸过压暴露.
- 之前的研究表明,在低水平的爆炸暴露后,大脑衍生的细胞外囊泡 (BDEVs) 中的炎症标志物 (TNFα,IL-6,IL-10) 发生了变化.
- 神经炎症是军事人员反复暴露于爆炸的潜在后果.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究特殊操作员的神经炎症,有爆炸暴露的历史.
- 为了将爆炸暴露史与神经成像和生物标志物数据相关联.
- 探索爆炸暴露,神经炎症和认知功能之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 试点研究涉及18名服务人员 (9名暴露于爆炸,9名控制).
- 使用[18F]DPA-714正子发射断层扫描 (PET) 成像评估的神经炎症.
- 对炎症生物标志物进行血清和BDEV分析;用于暴露史的爆炸暴露值调查 (BETS).
- 基于相似性的多视图线性重建 (SiMLR) 用于集成数据分析.
主要成果:
- 在BDEVs中发现了泛化爆炸暴露值 (GBEV) 和炎症标志物之间的显著正相关性.
- SiMLR分析揭示了GBEV,PET-神经炎症,皮质厚度和大脑体积损失之间与暴露相关的联系.
- 受影响的大脑网络涉及记忆,执行功能,视觉和异模处理区域.
- 认知评估没有显示与GBEV的显著关联.
结论:
- 新出现的证据表明,神经炎症是操作人员对慢性爆炸暴露的关键大脑反应.
- 爆发暴露与神经炎症和结构性大脑变化有关.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解爆炸暴露对大脑的长期影响.
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