人类世的城市:从生态进化角度看,城市的可持续性
1Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
概括
城市正在加速物种的进化变化,影响生态系统功能,对可持续性至关重要. 当前的城市规划必须整合这种生态进化观点,以实现城市的弹性.
科学领域:
- 城市生态学 城市生态学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 可持续性科学是一种科学.
背景情况:
- 城市是人类活动的枢纽,加强与生态系统的互动,推动系统变革.
- 城市化改变了生物多样性,并推动了各种物种的快速遗传进化,影响了生态系统功能.
- 当前的城市可持续性战略往往忽视了这些进化动态,专注于静态的生物多样性保护.
研究的目的:
- 为全球城市化带来的社会-生态-进化转型提供系统概述.
- 突出城市驱动的进化变化对生态系统功能和城市可持续性的影响.
- 倡导将生态进化视角纳入城市可持续性科学和规划.
主要方法:
- 审查关于物种特征的城市驱动进化变化的现有证据.
- 分析变化的物种特征与社会相关的生态系统功能之间的联系.
- 城市环境中社会-生态-进化过渡的系统概述.
主要成果:
- 城市加速了物种的进化变化,改变了它们的基因构成.
- 这些快速的进化变化显著影响了关键的生态系统功能,如营养循环和授粉.
- 在物种中观察到的特征变化对生态系统功能和城市环境中的弹性起着关键作用.
结论:
- 城市驱动的进化为城市可持续发展带来了重大挑战和机遇.
- 生态进化观点对于制定有效和适应性的城市可持续性战略至关重要.
- 为人类世重新构想城市,需要将进化动态纳入规划和科学.
相关概念视频
Sustainable Development
13.3K
As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.
13.3K
Evolutionary Psychology
277
Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the...
277
Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building
170
As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
170
What is Evolutionary History?
36.5K
Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.
36.5K
Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective
106
In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
Evolutionary psychology provides one explanation for these findings, suggesting...
Evolutionary psychology provides one explanation for these findings, suggesting...
106
Biodiversity and Human Values
13.1K
Human civilization relies on biodiversity in many ways. Sudden changes in species biodiversity result in environmental changes that can modify weather patterns and therefore human civilizations.
13.1K


