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从黑洞中挖掘tRNA衍生小RNA的生物学特性

Hengmei Shi¹, Jiaheng Xie², Shengbin Pei³

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

Frontiers in genetics

|November 13, 2023

概括

转移RNA衍生小RNAs (tsRNAs) 是功能性非编码RNAs,参与基因调节和各种细胞过程. 这些分子在精准医学和非侵入性疾病诊断方面表现有前途.

科学领域:

分子生物学分子生物学
在RNA生物学,RNA生物学.
遗传学是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

功能性非编码RNAs,称为tRNA衍生小RNAs (tsRNAs),在压力条件下来自转移RNA (tRNA).
tsRNAs包括tRNA半部分和tRNA衍生碎片 (tRFs),通过明显的分裂部位进行区分.
这些分子与阿尔戈诺特 (AGO) 蛋白相互作用,影响mRNA点,并且还可以直接结合蛋白来调节各种细胞功能.

研究的目的:

探索tRNAs在生物过程中的多方面的作用.
调查tsRNAs在疾病发病和进展中的参与,特别是癌症.
突出tsRNAs在精密医学和液体活检中的治疗和诊断潜力.

主要方法:

文献综述和对tsRNA生物发生和功能现有研究的分析.
检查tsRNA与蛋白质 (例如,AGO蛋白质) 和核酸的相互作用.
对将tsRNA与癌症发展和其他疾病病理学联系起来的研究进行审查.

主要成果:

tsRNAs调节基因表达,rRNA处理,蛋白质合成和病毒防御机制.
tsRNAs直接与蛋白质结合,影响转录,蛋白质修饰,稳定和信号通路.
tsRNAs通过控制瘤抑制基因和通过细胞活力,迁移,炎症和自的调节来影响疾病进展,与癌症有关.

结论:

tsRNAs是基因表达和细胞功能的关键调节者,在疾病中起着重要作用.
向tsRNAs为精密医学中的新型治疗策略提供了潜力,包括植物衍生的tsRNA疗法.
基于tsRNA的液体活检为非侵入性疾病诊断提供了一个有希望的途径.

关键词:

在TRF中,TRF是TRF.由TRNA衍生的小RNA.生物标志物生物标志物癌症癌症癌症癌症癌症没有编码的RNA.没有编码的RNAs.这就是为什么tiRNARNA.这就是 tsRNARNA.

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