经济不确定性和人口健康:新兴市场和发展中国家的见解
1Department of Accounting, School of Economics and Management, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
Frontiers in public health
|November 13, 2023
概括
经济不确定性对健康的直接影响有限,但可能会改善发展中国家的预期寿命和降低死亡率. 这些影响因国家收入水平而异,受经济增长和污染的影响.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 计量经济学 计量经济学 计量经济学
背景情况:
- 经济不确定性是一个重大的全球问题,影响着各种社会方面.
- 了解其与公共卫生的关系对于政策制定至关重要.
- 发展中国家和新兴经济体在管理经济波动和健康结果方面面临着独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 调查经济不确定性对公共卫生指标的多方面的影响.
- 分析不同国家分类 (收入水平,新兴市场) 的这些影响.
- 确定人口健康的关键决定因素以及对不同经济体的政策影响.
主要方法:
- 贝叶斯面板向量自回归 (PVAR) 模型.
- 来自103个新兴市场和发展中国家 (1995-2019) 的年度国家级面板数据.
- 跨国家收入组和分类的异质性分析.
主要成果:
- 经济不确定性增加对健康的直接影响有限,但可能导致预期寿命延长和死亡率降低.
- 经济不确定性的健康益处在新兴市场,低收入和中高收入国家最为明显.
- 在中高收入国家观察到较低的自杀率;经济增长和医疗保健支出是健康的关键决定因素,特别是在中低收入国家. 环境污染对新兴和中等收入国家的健康产生负面影响.
结论:
- 经济不确定性对健康的影响在发展中国家是复杂的和异质的.
- 金融发展和全球化对健康状况产生积极影响 (不包括高收入国家).
- 政策干预应考虑经济增长,医疗保健支出,环境因素和金融整合,以改善公共卫生.
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