通过社区为贫困老年人提供护理来解决巴西贝洛霍里森特医疗服务的压力:一项定性研究
Peter Lloyd-Sherlock1, Poliana Fialho de Carvalho2, Karla Giacomin3
1School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.
Lancet regional health. Americas
|November 13, 2023
概括
社区对老年人的干预可以改善健康并减少医疗保健的使用. 巴西的Programma Maior Cuidado (PMC) 显示出如果与更广泛的医疗服务集成,就有很大的潜力.
科学领域:
- 老年学与公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 定性研究方法 定性研究方法
背景情况:
- 低收入和中等收入国家的老年人对社区干预越来越感兴趣,以应对医疗服务压力.
- 有限的证据证明了这些社区计划的有效性.
- 这项研究使用定性数据检查了巴西贝洛奥里桑特市的Programma Maior Cuidado (PMC) 的影响.
研究的目的:
- 开发和测试针对老年人的社区干预措施的变革理论.
- 了解"主要护理计划" (PMC) 如何影响老年人使用医疗服务.
- 确定影响社区老年护理计划有效性的因素.
主要方法:
- 通过与卫生和社会援助专业人员的50次会议收集定性数据.
- 嵌入式数据收集使用关键信息人互动和知识联合生产.
- 包括观察,焦点小组和专业人士,老年人和护理人员的采访.
主要成果:
- 强有力的证据支持理论1:PMC维持老年人的健康,通过药物管理,慢性疾病控制和风险预防减少住院/门诊护理需求.
- 一些证据表明,PMC促进及时干预,减少紧急/急症护理需求,但这受到外部转诊约束的限制.
- 有限的证据表明,PMC有助于医院出院,这可能是由于缺乏正式的医院联系.
结论:
- 像PMC这样的社区干预措施在减少老年人使用医疗服务方面表现有希望.
- 与更广泛的卫生服务进行有效的整合和协调对于最大限度地提高这些计划的影响至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决及时转诊和医院协调的局限性,以提高计划的有效性.
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