免疫功能低下患者的SARS-CoV-2遗传变异水平较高:一项回顾性病例对照研究
Romane Guilbaud1, Anna-Maria Franco Yusti1, Valentin Leducq2
1Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France.
The Journal of infectious diseases
|November 13, 2023
概括
严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染在免疫功能低下的个体中持续更长时间,导致病毒遗传多样性增加. 这种增加的多样性可能会导致具有改变特征的新SARS-CoV-2变种的出现.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染在免疫功能低下的主体中比免疫能力较强的个体有较长的持续时间.
- 长期感染增加了新型SARS-CoV-2突变的可能性,特别是在尖端蛋白中,这是疫苗和治疗的关键目标.
研究的目的:
- 与卫生保健工作者相比,研究免疫功能低下患者中SARS-CoV-2的遗传多样性.
- 为了识别在免疫受损个体中长期感染期间产生的潜在的SARS-CoV-2突变.
主要方法:
- 从444名免疫功能低下患者和234名医护人员的呼吸道样本中对SARS-CoV-2的全基因组测序.
- 在2020年12月至2022年9月期间,使用自定义脚本和纳米孔技术分析病毒遗传多样性.
主要成果:
- 在SARS-CoV-2中,Delta和Omicron血统占主导地位. 病毒遗传多样性在免疫受损患者中显著更高.
- 免疫受损个体病毒中的轻微突变演变为后来的SARS-CoV-2变种的特征突变.
- 在免疫功能低下的患者中,SARS-CoV-2基因组进化在上呼吸道和下呼吸道之间有所不同.
结论:
- 免疫功能低下患者的SARS-CoV-2感染与遗传多样性的增加有关.
- 这种增加的多样性可能会促进新的SARS-CoV-2变种的出现,这些变种具有潜在的免疫逃避或改变的毒性.
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