在秘鲁参考医院的住院患者中进行抗生素点流行调查和抗菌素耐药性调查
Claudia Rondon1, Coralith Garcia2, Fiorella Krapp1
1Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Journal of infection and public health
|November 13, 2023
概括
秘鲁医院的抗生素使用率很高,超过一半的患者接受了这些抗生素,通常是经验性的. 在关键的细菌感染中,对常见的抗生素 (如和碳烯) 的耐药性普遍存在.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 临床药房 临床药房
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 秘鲁面临着重要的抗菌素耐药性挑战,特别是与格拉姆阳性和格拉姆阴性细菌.
- 关于秘鲁境内抗生素消费模式的数据有限.
- 这项研究解决了了解秘鲁医疗保健机构抗生素使用和耐药性的关键需求.
研究的目的:
- 估计秘鲁各地住院患者的抗生素处方的患病率和质量.
- 确定导致重大感染的常见细菌病原体的抗生素敏感率.
- 为秘鲁的抗菌药物管理计划提供数据.
主要方法:
- 在秘鲁9个地区的10家公立医院进行了点患病率调查.
- 患者数据,包括抗生素处方和使用原因,在三周的时间内收集.
- 对血液和尿液培养中的细菌分离物进行了抗微生物敏感性测试.
主要成果:
- 在1620份经过审查的患者病历中,57.0%的人被处方了抗生素,74.2%的人使用了经验.
- 类 (30.0%) 和卡巴类 (11.3%) 是最常被处方的抗生素类别.
- 观察到高耐药率:48.8%的金黄色葡萄球菌对甲基西林耐药;在大肠杆菌和肺炎菌中发现了对第三代胞和卡巴胺的显著耐药性.
结论:
- 在秘鲁,高比例的住院患者接受抗生素治疗,主要用于经验治疗.
- 这项研究强调了抗生素耐药性对常用的药物,如和碳烯等药物的普遍性.
- 研究结果强调,秘鲁迫切需要改善抗生素管理计划,以应对日益增长的抗菌素耐药性.
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