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一个鱼类卡特尔为非洲

Gabriel Englander¹, Christopher Costello²

¹Development Research Group, The World Bank, Washington, DC, USA. aenglander@worldbank.org.

Nature communications

|November 13, 2023

概括

非洲国家通过组建渔业卡特尔,可以将渔业利提高23%,鱼类生物质增加16%. 这种集体谈判增强了非洲国家的经济和生态成果.

科学领域:

海洋资源经济学海洋资源经济学
渔业管理渔业管理
国际贸易国际贸易国际贸易

背景情况:

非洲沿海水域生物丰富,但从渔业权利销售中获得的资金不足.
非洲国家单独谈判渔业准入,缺乏集体市场力量.
外国国家和渔民利用这些资源,往往带来更高的回报.

研究的目的:

模拟非洲渔业卡特尔的经济和生态影响.
评估渔业集体谈判权的潜在好处.
探索解决方案,以提高非洲国家从渔业权利的收入.

主要方法:

发展双边寡头断模式.
模拟一个假设的非洲鱼类卡特尔.
分析非洲卖家与外国买家之间的市场力量动态.

主要成果:

卡特尔将导致捕捞受到限制,鱼类生物质增加16%.
由于市场力量的转移,非洲国家平均利增加了23%.
集体行动显著提高了经济回报和生态可持续性.

结论:

形成一个渔业卡特尔为非洲国家提供了巨大的经济和生态优势.
更深入的非洲一体化是解决渔业经济和环境挑战的可行战略.
克服个人谈判缺点可以从海洋资源中获得更大的价值.

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Migration

Migration

Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.