对生长和繁殖特征的 brojiler 繁殖计划中的遗传变异估计
Bolívar Samuel Sosa-Madrid1,2, Gerasimos Maniatis3, Noelia Ibáñez-Escriche2
1The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|November 14, 2023
概括
监测育种计划中的遗传变异对于可持续性至关重要. 这项研究发现,虽然遗传差异波动,但随着时间的推移,它通常会略有增加,这表明对选择驱动的损失的弹性.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 繁殖计划 繁殖计划
背景情况:
- 繁殖计划中的定向选择可以耗尽遗传变异,威胁到长期的可持续性.
- 之前的研究依赖于小型实验种群,限制了对现实世界商业育种线的洞察力.
- 了解遗传变异动态对于维持牲畜遗传进步至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了监测23年来一个大型商业肉生产线的体重 (BWT) 和养卵产量 (HHP) 的遗传变异变化.
- 为了比较不同的统计方法 (REML,吉布斯采样) 来估计方差元件.
- 评估选择和漂移对随着时间的推移对遗传变异的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自一条商业肉生产线的大量数据集 (2,059,869条记录,2,062,112只动物) 的分析.
- 使用频率主义 (REML) 和贝叶斯主义 (吉布斯采样) 方法的滑动重叠窗口来估计方差元件.
- 应用"双特征共差"分析来确认差异稳定性.
主要成果:
- 对于BWT和HHP的遗传变异显示了边际波动,但从1999-2001年到2020-2022年略有整体上升趋势.
- 遗传概率估计遵循了类似的模式,在两种特征中都观察到轻微增加.
- 双特征共变性分析证实了连续时期之间保持遗传差异,具有很高的遗传相关性 (>0.86为BWT,>0.82为HHP).
结论:
- 这种商业肉品种的遗传参数倾向于随着时间的推移略有增加,这表明对选择诱导的变异损失的弹性.
- 这些发现表明,诸如新突变之类的因素可能会弥补选择压力,保持遗传变异.
- 持续监测遗传变异对于繁殖计划的长期成功至关重要.
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