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转录启动方向性的差异是基因和cis-regulatory元素的染色质修饰模式中植物和动物之间的区别的基础
Brianna D Silver1,2, Courtney G Willett1,2, Kelsey A Maher1,3
1Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
植物和动物基因组显示出不同的转录启动模式. 开花植物主要以单向方式启动转录,不同于元动物,揭示了基因调节的根本差异.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 细胞基因表达在转录启动时受到调节,这是由RNA聚合酶II (Pol II) 控制的关键步骤.
- 聚二可以在真菌和动物基因组中的促进体和 cis 调节元件 (CREs) 双向启动转录.
- 之前在Arabidopsis thaliana中进行的研究表明,转录的启动是单向的,与动物研究结果形成鲜明对比.
研究的目的:
- 为了在不同物种中比较转录相关的质子修饰和转录开始地点 (TSSs) 和CREs的新生转录.
- 在Arabidopsis thaliana*,Drosophila melanogaster*和*Homo sapiens*中调查Pol II转录启动的方向性.
- 为了确定单向转录启动是否保留在其他植物基因组中.
主要方法:
- 对转录相关的质子修饰的比较分析.
- 使用高通量方法对新生的转录进行分析.
- 在 *Arabidopsis thaliana*, *Drosophila melanogaster* 和 *Homo sapiens* 基因组中检查 TSS 和 CREs.
主要成果:
- 证据表明,在*Arabidopsis thaliana*中的促进者和CREs中,Pol II启动主要是单向的.
- 在 *Drosophila melanogaster* 和 *Homo sapiens* 的促进体和在 *Drosophila* 的 CREs 中广泛观察到双向转录启动.
- 对*Oryza sativa*和*Glycine max*基因组的分析表明,单向转录启动在这些植物物种中也是常态.
结论:
- 开花植物和元动物基因组之间的转录启动方向性存在根本的差异.
- 这些差异体现在RNA聚合酶启动部位周围不同的染色质修饰模式中.
- 单向转录启动似乎是开花植物基因组中保存的特征.
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