用纵向微数据重新评估农业生产力差距
Joan Hamory1, Marieke Kleemans2, Nicholas Y Li3
1University of Oklahoma.
概括
低收入国家的农业和非农业部门之间的劳动生产率差距比以前认为的要小. 考虑到个体工人差异,大大降低了从部门流动中获得的估计生产率增长.
科学领域:
- 发展经济学 发展经济学
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
- 农业经济学 农业经济学
背景情况:
- 现有研究强调了农业和非农业部门,以及低收入国家农村与城市地区的劳动生产率差异显著.
- 当前的估计通常依赖于国民账户或横截面数据,这些数据在分析部门流动性时难以控制个人选择偏差.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用个人级别的面板数据,调查部门和地点之间的劳动生产率差距.
- 评估个人固定效应对劳动力重新分配产生的估计生产率增长的会计影响.
主要方法:
- 利用来自印度尼西亚和肯尼亚的长期个人级别面板数据.
- 使用固定效应估计来控制未观察到的个体异质性.
主要成果:
- 考虑到个别的固定效应,估计的生产率增长从转移到非农业部门或城市地区大幅减少67%-92%.
- 在个人改变行业后的五年内,没有观察到任何显著的生产力差距.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,需要重新评估关于部门生产率差距和劳动力重新分配的好处的传统观点.
- 该研究将新发现与现有的横截面估计相协调,并讨论了低收入国家的劳动力市场政策的影响.
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