全球气候变暖和海的性别比率
Jacques-Olivier Laloë1, Gail Schofield2, Graeme C Hays1
1School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Global change biology
|November 14, 2023
概括
气候变暖和取决于温度的性别决定对海构成风险. 虽然最近的变暖与全球性别比例偏差没有直接联系,但一些网站显示了需要管理干预的趋势.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 保护科学 保护科学
- 气候变化 生态学 生态学
背景情况:
- 海种群面临着气候变暖的威胁,特别是通过温度依赖性性别决定 (TSD).
- 由于TSD导致种群的女性化可能会危及物种的生存.
- 识别高风险的筑巢地点对于有效的保护工作至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究气候变暖与全球海筑巢地点的海性别比率之间的关系.
- 确定变暖和偏向女性的性别比例可能威胁到人口生存能力的特定地点.
- 了解海种群中性别比例变化的驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 全球64个海筑巢地点数十年来对性别比例数据和气候变化模式的分析.
- 统计检查空气温度变化和相应的幼/幼性别比率.
- 确定显示出高女性扭曲性别比率和显著变暖趋势的地点.
主要成果:
- 在62年间,研究地点的平均气温每世纪增加0.85°C,64个地点中有40个地区出现了变暖.
- 在64个地点中的17个地点观察到女性倾斜的性别比率 (>90%的女性).
- 没有发现全球变暖程度和性别比率偏差之间的显著关系 (r = -0.03,p = 0.802).
- 然而,像雷恩岛,塞浦路斯和圣尤斯塔修斯这样的特定地点显示出高女性偏差与显著的变暖一起,表明局部风险.
结论:
- 雌雌幼性别比率的偏差可能受到最近变暖以外的因素的影响,例如筑巢行为,基板和降雨量.
- 尽管没有总体的全球相关性,但某些地点的局部变暖对海种群构成直接威胁.
- 在高风险地区可能需要紧急管理干预,以促进雄性繁殖并确保人口的生存能力.
- 建议持续监测沙子温度和性别比率,以积极保护.
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