相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 11, 2025
07:27
Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
Published on: August 25, 2014
22.0K
在四种类型的痴呆症和非痴呆症患者中,嗅觉功能的特征使用嗅觉识别测试
Yuuji Yamashita1,2, Yoshihisa Shoji1,2, Hiroko Yanagimoto1,2
1Cognitive and Molecular Research Institute of Brain Diseases, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan.
概括
宾夕法尼亚大学的日本版本的嗅觉识别测试 (UPSIT-J) 能够有效地识别痴呆症患者的嗅觉功能障碍. 较低的嗅觉得分与认知能力下降和大脑缩相关,有助于早期发现痴呆症.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
背景情况:
- 使用宾夕法尼亚大学嗅觉识别测试 (UPSIT-J) 的日本版本,研究了记忆丧失的门诊患者的嗅觉功能.
- 使用哈塞加瓦痴呆症量表,迷你精神状态检查,临床痴呆症评分和脑部MRI评估认知功能.
- 评估了老年人,包括痴呆症患者的嗅觉功能特征.
研究的目的:
- 评估老年人嗅觉功能,包括那些患有痴呆症的人,使用UPSIT-J.
- 检查不同类型的痴呆症和非痴呆症群体中嗅觉功能的特征.
主要方法:
- 将受试者分为痴呆症组 (阿尔茨海默氏症,混合,血管,勒维体) 和非痴呆症组 (低分,高分,健康).
- 使用UPSIT-J来评估嗅觉区分得分 (nODS).
- 与认知评估和大脑缩水平 (VSRAD) 相关联的NODS.
主要成果:
- 与非痴呆症组相比,在所有痴呆症组中都发现了显著较低的NODS.
- 在阿尔茨海默氏症 (80.1%),混合性 (91.5%) 和勒维体 (89.6%) 痴呆症组中观察到严重受损嗅觉 (nODS <5) 的高率.
- nODS与认知得分有显著的正相关性,与大脑缩有显著的负相关性.
结论:
- 嗅觉区分得分 (nODS) 与认知功能测试和大脑缩有显著的相关性.
- UPSIT-J作为一种有价值的精神生理指数,用于诊断和早期发现痴呆.
相关概念视频
01:25Olfaction
44.4K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
44.4K
01:03Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure
9.3K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
9.3K
01:20Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway
8.6K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
The olfactory...
8.6K
01:30Dementia
120
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
120