非母语语言的神经表现反映了母语知识的熟练程度和干扰
Christian Brodbeck1, Katerina Danae Kandylaki2, Odette Scharenborg3
1Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269.
概括
母语 (荷兰语) 的表示会干扰外语 (英语) 的处理,尤其是荷兰语的口音. 更高的熟练程度提高了声学处理,减少了对自然倾听任务的干扰.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语言学的语言学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 外国语言学习需要新的听觉到语言的映射.
- 熟练的非母语使用者往往会表现出母语干扰.
- 之前的研究可能过度强调由于任务特定需求而造成的干扰.
研究的目的:
- 调查外语处理和母语干扰的神经证据.
- 在自然主义故事听力任务中检查效应.
- 评估演讲者口音和听众熟练程度的影响.
主要方法:
- 脑电图 (EEG) 记录了39名荷兰的母语人士听英语.
- 多变量时间反应函数模拟了大脑的反应.
- 声学和语言模型分析了语音刺激.
主要成果:
- 荷兰语统计在听英语发音 (荷兰口音) 时被激活.
- 没有观察到与母语英语口音的显著干扰.
- 提高听者的熟练程度与下降的二级声学语音表示 (后-200ms) 相关联.
结论:
- 自然倾听减少了母语干扰.
- 母语口音可以通过激活母语表示来增加干扰.
- 干扰可能涉及单个词识别系统内的竞争.
- 熟练提高了外国语言听力中的声学音声处理.
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