印第安纳州PrEP处方 2017-2022:对临床实践的影响
Gregory Carter1,2,3, Taran Tavares1
1Indiana University School of Nursing, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
Research in nursing & health
|November 14, 2023
概括
艾滋病毒检测和暴露前预防 (PrEP) 尚未得到充分利用,这阻碍了结束艾滋病毒流行病倡议. 综合性健康评估对于有效的艾滋病毒预防和治疗联系至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防传染病 预防传染病
- 医疗保健的不平等 医疗保健的不平等
背景情况:
- "结束艾滋病毒流行"倡议旨在通过加强查和护理联系来根除艾滋病毒.
- 目前的艾滋病毒检测率和暴露前预防 (PrEP) 处方率仍然低于最佳水平.
- 在卫生保健系统内,艾滋病毒预防和护理准入方面的差异仍然存在.
研究的目的:
- 评估艾滋病毒查,PrEP处方模式,以及性健康评估的文档.
- 在HIV阴性患者中确定与PrEP处方相关的因素.
- 突出全面性健康护理的潜在障碍和促进者.
主要方法:
- 在中西部医疗保健系统中,从2017年到2022年7月对艾滋病毒阴性患者的回顾性图表审查.
- 收集的数据包括人口统计,支付方式,查设施,PrEP历史和提供者关于性健康查的文件.
- 统计分析以确定患者特征,查实践和PrEP处方之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 很大一部分患者 (65.8%) 在艾滋病毒查期间缺乏记录的性健康评估.
- 与白人患者相比,黑人患者接受PrEP处方的可能性较低 (OR=0.40).
- 通过性传播识别传染病的提供者选的患者接受PrEP的几率更高 (OR=3.0).
结论:
- 性健康评估的文件不足是艾滋病毒查过程中的一个关键缺口.
- 在获得PrEP的种族差异需要有针对性的干预措施和政策改进.
- 加强提供者培训和优化电子健康记录系统对于全面的性健康护理和艾滋病毒预防至关重要.
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