魔术师中精神病和自闭症的特征以及它们与创造性信仰的关系
Gil Greengross1, Paul J Silvia2, Sara J Crasson3
1Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, Wales.
BJPsych open
|November 15, 2023
概括
魔术师的精神病特征低于普通人群,挑战了创造力和精神病理之间的联系. 这项研究揭示了魔术师的独特特征及其与心理健康的多样性关联.
科学领域:
- 创造力的心理学.
- 心理健康和创意专业的人.
- 认知和人格特征 认知和人格特征
背景情况:
- 常见的观念将创造力与精神病理学联系在一起.
- 之前的研究表明,在创意团体 (喜剧演员,艺术家,科学家) 中,精神病和自闭症的特征更高.
- 在STEM领域的科学家经常表现出自闭症的特征.
研究的目的:
- 研究魔术师的精神病理和自闭症特征,这是一个以前未被研究的创造性群体.
- 检查魔术师的创造性自我效能,创造性身份和精神分裂/自闭症特征之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 调查了195名魔术师和233名普通居民.
- 对精神分裂特征 (OIFEQ) 和自闭症 (AQ-Short) 的利用措施.
- 评估了创意自我效能和身份 (创意自我短尺度).
- 使用已发表的数据,将魔术师的精神分裂特征与其他创意群体进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 魔法师在特定的精神分裂特征 (认知失调,内向的快乐,冲动的不合规性) 上的得分低于一般人群.
- 在魔法师和普通人之间,在不寻常的经历或自闭症得分方面没有发现显著差异.
- 与一般样本相比,魔术师报告了更高的创造性自我效能和创造性个人身份.
- 魔术师的精神分裂特征得分通常低于其他创意群体.
- 魔术中的独创性与不寻常的经历,创造性的自我效能和创造性的身份正相关.
结论:
- 这项研究确定了一个具有低于正常的精神病特征的创造性群体 (魔术师).
- 结果挑战了创造力和精神病理学之间的普遍关联.
- 突出了魔术师独特的心理形象,以及不同创意领域的创造力和心理健康之间的多样性关系.
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