提供辅助自杀的原因和表现主义者反对:对唐纳德森的回应
Esther Braun1,2
1Institute for Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany esther.braun@rub.de.
Journal of medical ethics
|November 15, 2023
概括
这篇论文阐明了表现主义者对协助死亡法律的反对意见. 它认为,基于自主性的方法,尊重个人选择,通过关注法律法规而不是个人认可,避免了这一异议.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 医疗法 法律 医疗法
- 医学哲学 医学哲学
背景情况:
- 表现主义者反对的观点认为,协助死亡的法律有利于特定的医疗条件,降低了某些生命的价值.
- 一种基于自主性的辅助自杀方法已被提出,以规避这一异议.
研究的目的:
- 为了解决托马斯·唐纳德森 (Thomas Donaldson) 的批评,即基于自主性的方法扩展了表现主义者的反对意见.
- 在协助死亡立法的背景下,澄清表现主义异议的范围和目标.
主要方法:
- 对表现主义异议的哲学分析.
- 重新解释提供协助自杀的伦理基础.
- 法律允许和个人认可辅助死亡之间的区别.
主要成果:
- 表现主义者反对的目标是法律法规,而不是个人对别人的死亡的态度.
- 提供协助自杀的动机可能是尊重自主选择,不一定是对目标的认可.
- 基于自主性的方法使自主个体的协助自杀合法化,但不强制参与.
结论:
- 基于自主性的协助自杀方法并不能扩展表现主义者的反对意见.
- 尊重自主性为合法化协助自杀提供了有效的伦理理由.
- 协助死亡的法律框架应该与涉及的个人个人或职业义务区分开来.
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