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相关概念视频

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

595
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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In Situ Neutron Powder Diffraction Using Custom-made Lithium-ion Batteries
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具有增强的离子导电性的可拓变形抗相边界.

Kun Xu1,2, Shih-Wei Hung3,4, Wenlong Si5,6

  • 1National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China. kunxuem@stanford.edu.

Nature communications
|November 15, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

工程晶格缺陷,特别是可顶点变形的反相边界 (tt-APB),在混合离子电子导体 (MIEC) 中增强离子导电性. 这些tt-APB充当关键的离子扩散通道,改善固体氧化物燃料电池的性能.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 固态化学 固态化学
  • 纳米技术纳米技术

背景情况:

  • 格子缺陷是为了调整设备功能而设计的.
  • 混合离子电子导体 (MIEC) 中的反相边界 (APB) 传统上阻碍了固体氧化物燃料电池的离子导电性.
  • 了解缺陷行为是优化能源设备的关键.

研究的目的:

  • 在原子层面上识别和描述可拓变形抗相边界 (tt-APBs).
  • 与完美域相比,研究这些tt-APB的离子导电性.
  • 阐明在TT-APB中氧气迁移的机制.

主要方法:

  • 使用先进显微镜进行原子级缺陷识别.
  • 在现场观察动态氧气迁移.
  • 在受控大气层中进行火实验.

主要成果:

  • 在高温下,地形变形APB (tt-APB) 的离子导电率高于无缺陷域.
  • 在TT-APB中观察到动态氧气迁移,由间歇性位点促进.
  • 在氧化条件下火促进了tt-APB的间歇氧气形成,增强了导电性.

结论:

  • tt-APB的功能是有效的离子扩散通道,对氧导电性有显著的贡献.
  • 拓变形性是决定APB在离子运输中的作用的关键因素.
  • 通过TT-APB的缺陷工程提供了一个有前途的策略,用于增强MIEC的离子运输,用于能源应用.