探索一种特定于昆虫的病毒载体寨卡病毒疫苗候选人的免疫性
Manette Tanelus1, Krisangel López1, Shaan Smith1
1Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
Scientific reports
|November 15, 2023
概括
使用昆虫特异性黄病毒 (ISFV) 的新型寨卡病毒 (ZIKV) 疫苗显示出有希望. 阿里波-齐卡 (ARPV/ZIKV) 候选药物在小鼠中是安全有效的,证明了保护和母体抗体转移.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 寨卡病毒 (ZIKV) 构成全球健康威胁,没有批准的人类疫苗.
- 昆虫特异性黄病毒 (ISFV) 正在成为疫苗开发的潜在平台.
- 目前的疫苗策略缺乏广泛的有效性和安全性.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估仿制ISFV-Zika候选疫苗Aripo-Zika (ARPV/ZIKV) 的安全性,免疫性和有效性.
- 确定ARPV/ZIKV的最佳剂量和增强剂的必要性.
- 评估疫苗在脊椎动物细胞中的孕产妇抗体转移潜力和复制能力.
主要方法:
- 给小鼠服用不同剂量的ARPV/ZIKV,并与ZIKV进行挑战.
- 评估了对ZIKV诱导的发病率和死亡率的保护.
- 从接种疫苗的母体转移到后代的抗体评估.
- 在Vero-76细胞中进行了ZIKV与ARPV和ARPV/ZIKV的体外共感染研究.
主要成果:
- 在小鼠中,ARPV/ZIKV的10^11个基因组拷贝 (10^8个聚焦形成单位) 的剂量是最小的保护剂量.
- 增剂剂量没有显著提高短期疗效.
- 接种疫苗的母婴对ZIKV病毒具有完全的保护.
- ARPV和ARPV/ZIKV表现出无法在脊椎动物细胞中复制,即使是在活跃的ZIKV共感染期间.
结论:
- 基于ISFV的阿里波-齐卡 (ARPV/ZIKV) 候选疫苗是安全的,免疫原的,并在小鼠模型中对寨卡病毒有效.
- 在ARPV的骨干显示潜力作为一个多功能平台的弗拉维病毒疫苗开发.
- 有效的母体抗体转移有助于保护后代,突显了这种疫苗策略的关键优势.
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