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慢性肺病中的咳:一项最新技术审查
Barnaby Hirons1,2, Katherine Rhatigan1,2, Harini Kesavan1
1Department of Respiratory Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
Journal of thoracic disease
|November 16, 2023
概括
慢性咳 (CC) 显著影响呼吸道疾病,如喘和COPD. 本综述详细介绍了各种肺部疾病中CC的患病率,影响和治疗方法,强调了对更好的理解和治疗的未满足需求.
科学领域:
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 临床科学 临床科学
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
背景情况:
- 慢性咳 (CC) 是各种呼吸系统疾病的普遍和衰弱症状,包括喘,COPD,支气管病,ILD和肉类发病.
- 虽然在了解难治性 (不明原因) 慢性咳 (RCC) 方面取得了进展,但其他呼吸系统疾病中CC的流行率和具体机制仍未得到充分描述.
- 肺结核与健康状况受损,症状负担增加,疾病严重程度增加以及在某些情况下,更高的恶化率和死亡率有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前对主要呼吸道疾病中慢性咳的理解.
- 描述CC的流行,影响,病理生理学和管理在喘,慢性肺炎,支气管切除,ILD和肉类发病中.
- 确定关于这些疾病中CC的研究和临床实践中未得到满足的需求.
主要方法:
- 对现有文献进行系统审查.
- 对喘,慢性肺炎,支气管炎症,ILD和肉类瘤中CC报告的流行数据的分析.
- 综合有关生理机制的信息,包括咳反射敏感性和神经路径,在这些条件下涉及CC.
主要成果:
- 在呼吸系统疾病中,CC的患病率差异很大,从喘的8%到支气管病的98%.
- 咳反射敏感度 (CRH) 的提高在与喘,慢性肺炎,支气管切除,ILD和沙尔科毒症相关的CC中观察到.
- 异常功能性咳抑制神经路径在孤立的RCC中被发现,但在COPD中被保留;对其他呼吸系统疾病中咳中心机制的理解有限.
结论:
- 慢性咳是整个呼吸道疾病的显著临床问题,通常表明疾病的严重程度更大,结果更差.
- 目前对这些疾病中CC病理生理学的理解是有限的,这阻碍了向治疗的发展.
- 进一步的研究对于阐明咳机制,改善患者的生活质量和慢性呼吸道疾病中CC的管理策略至关重要.
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