野生有袋动物的早期行为,生存和母性个性
Weliton Menário Costa1, Wendy J King1,2, Timothée Bonnet1,3
1Division of Ecology & Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia.
概括
袋鼠早期的行为差异甚至在袋子里也很明显. 母亲的影响显著影响后代的行为,但早期的特征似乎不属于自然选择的生存.
科学领域:
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 个体行为表现出变化,但影响这些差异的早期发育阶段和选择性压力仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
- 了解行为变化的起源和一致性对于理解其进化意义至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查野生东部灰色袋鼠 (Macropus giganteus) 早期生活行为变化的存在和一致性.
- 量化早期行为与后代奶生存之间的关联.
- 探索母亲对后代行为影响的作用.
主要方法:
- 行为特征,包括活动水平和飞行启动距离 (FID),在袋子中的年轻袋鼠和未成年人中被测量.
- 监测后代奶后的生存情况.
- 分析了行为重复性和母亲和后代行为之间的协变性.
主要成果:
- 在不同母亲的后代之间观察到一致的行为变化,表明兄弟姐妹的相似性.
- 母亲FID与后代FID具有强烈的共变性,超过一半的亚成人FID可重复性归因于母体差异.
- 没有发现早期生活行为特征和次成年生存之间的协变的证据.
结论:
- 在有袋动物的早期发育阶段,行为变化是显而易见的.
- 孕产妇的影响对青少年行为的重复性有很大影响,这表明某种形式的"个性"遗传.
- 尽管母亲对行为有很强的影响,但早期生活和母亲的行为特征并没有被发现在这个人群中受到与青少年生存相关的选择压力.
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