纤维摄入量和慢性阻塞性肺病风险:系统性审查和剂量反应元分析
Neda Valisoltani1, Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy2,3, Hossein Imani1
1Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Food science & nutrition
|November 16, 2023
概括
更高的食纤维摄入量,特别是来自谷物和水果,与慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的风险降低有关. 这一元分析表明,这些纤维对抗COPD发展具有保护作用.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 食纤维摄入量是一个可改变的因素,对呼吸系统健康有潜在的影响.
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 是一个主要的全球健康问题,具有显著的发病率和死亡率.
- 了解饮食和COPD风险之间的关系对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查并进行剂量反应元分析,以了解饮食纤维摄入量与患上COPD的风险之间的关联.
- 研究不同类型的食纤维 (全,谷物,水果,蔬菜) 对COPD风险的具体影响.
主要方法:
- 从Scopus,Embase和Medline获取到2023年3月的队列研究的系统审查和元分析.
- 包括有螺旋计证实COPD诊断的研究和关于食纤维摄入量的数据.
- 采用随机效应模型和剂量反应分析,综合了五项研究中213,912名参与者的研究结果.
主要成果:
- 总纤维 (RR,0.72),谷物纤维 (RR:0.76) 和水果纤维 (RR:0.75) 和COPD风险的最高与最低摄入量之间观察到逆相关性.
- 每天增加10克的总,谷物或水果纤维与COPD风险分别降低了26%,21%和37%.
- 对于植物纤维,没有发现显著的关联 (RR,0.95). 所有纳入的研究都有中等偏差风险,纤维关联的可信度低.
结论:
- 总体,谷物和水果纤维摄入量显示出对慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的潜在保护作用.
- 目前缺乏关于植物纤维在COPD预防中的作用的证据.
- 需要进一步的大规模,高质量的研究来证实这些发现并确定因果关系.
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