从韩国牛 (韩国牛) 种群的三种方法对牛的繁殖价值的准确性进行比较
Hyo Sang Lee1, Yeongkuk Kim2, Doo Ho Lee3
1Genetic Information Division, Korea Animal Improvement Association, Livestock Hall, Seoul 06668, Korea.
Journal of animal science and technology
|November 16, 2023
概括
使用基因组BLUP (GBLUP) 的基因组选择与血统指数 (PI) 和基于血统的BLUP (PBLUP) 相比,显著提高了奶牛繁殖价值的准确性. GBLUP提供了~20%的准确度增加,证明了其在基因评估中的有效性,以改善牲畜收入.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学和动物繁殖
- 基因组选择 基因组选择
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
背景情况:
- 韩国经验证公牛 (KPN) 计划在韩国成立.
- 准确的育种价值估计对于遗传收益和增加牛的收益至关重要.
- 传统的方法,如血统指数 (PI) 和基于血统的BLUP (PBLUP),在准确性上有局限性.
研究的目的:
- 用三种不同的方法评估和比较牛育种值的准确性:血统指数 (PI),基于血统的最佳线性公正预测 (PBLUP) 和基因组BLUP (GBLUP).
- 为了评估从每个方法中得出的估计育种值 (EBV) 的偏差.
- 研究有效染色体段 (M) 对GBLUP精度的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用参考种群 (n=16,971) 来估计测试种群中481只雌性的繁殖值.
- 使用了三种不同的遗传评估方法:PI,PBLUP和GBLUP.
- 分析了尸体的特征,包括尸体重量 (CWT),眼肌面积 (EMA),背部脂肪厚度 (BFT) 和大理石分数 (MS).
主要成果:
- 与PBLUP (0.43-0.45) 和PI (0.28-0.29) 相比,GBLUP在所有尸体特征上显示出更高的精度 (0.62-0.66).
- 与PBLUP (0.625) 和PI (0.35) 相比,GBLUP显示偏差减少,回归系数接近1 (0.78对于CWT).
- 在有效染色体段数 (M) 和GBLUP精度之间观察到强烈的负相关性 (-0.73到-0.75),表明较小的M导致更高的精度.
结论:
- 通过GBLUP进行基因组选择是估计牛遗传能力的最有效方法,显著优于传统的基于血统的方法.
- 基因组信息有效地解释了孟德尔样本取样错误,而不是血统数据,从而导致更准确的育种价值预测.
- 有效染色体段数 (M) 是影响GBLUP准确性的关键因素,较少的段数与更高的预测能力相关.
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