人类言语中的呼吸噪声声学:描述性和三维建模方法
Raphael Werner1, Susanne Fuchs2, Jürgen Trouvain1
1Department of Language Science and Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|November 16, 2023
概括
人类吸入的声音与 /ə/ 这样的元音有频谱相似之处,不管空气流的方向如何. 这项研究描述了这些呼吸噪音及其声学特性,用于语音产生和呼吸系统健康洞察.
科学领域:
- 声学语音学的声音学.
- 语音科学是一种语言科学.
- 呼吸系统声学 呼吸系统声学
背景情况:
- 语音的产生很大程度上依赖于呼吸,但吸入的声学特性仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解语音呼吸声学对于语音分析和诊断呼吸系统疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在一个大型扬声器样本中分析人类吸入噪声的光谱特征.
- 将吸入声谱与语音声谱进行比较.
- 为了研究空气流向对声道声学的影响.
主要方法:
- 从134名参与者 (34名女性,100名男性) 的呼吸声音的光谱分析.
- 通过3D打印的声道模型 (男性/女性) 进行空气流动的声学分析,具有静态的元音和摩擦配置.
- 在吸入 (侵蚀性) 和呼出 (侵蚀性) 空气流条件下对光谱特性进行比较.
主要成果:
- 人类吸入频谱呈现下降的斜率,弱峰低于3kHz.
- 这些峰值显示中度到强度的重叠与中央元音的共振,特别是 /ə/.
- 空气流的方向对某些声音 (声, /ç/, /i:/) 的光谱性质有显著影响,但对 /ə/ 等中央元音没有显著影响.
结论:
- 吸入噪音具有独特的共振特性,类似于母音 /ə/,但没有发音.
- 与 /ə/ 的相似性是独立于空气流动方向的,这表明亚球体因素可能具有影响力.
- 进一步的研究应该探索语音呼吸的发音及其与语音暂停的联系.
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