早期的逆境是否预测本科生在执行功能方面遇到困难? 自我报告,绩效和EEG指标之间的分离
Rebecca J Compton1, Eric Kopczynski1, Keishla Sanchez1
1Department of Psychology, Haverford College.
Neuropsychology
|November 16, 2023
概括
早期的逆境预测了自我报告的执行功能困难,但不是年轻成年人的客观实验室测量. 这表明在执行职能的实验室评估中存在自我认知偏见或局限性.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 早期的逆境,包括不良童年经历 (ACE),可能会影响长期的心理和认知发展.
- 执行功能对日常生活至关重要,通常通过自我报告和客观实验室测量来评估.
研究的目的:
- 调查自我报告的早期逆境与年轻成年人自我报告和实验室测量的执行功能之间的关系.
- 探索在童年不良经历后对执行职能的主观和客观评估之间的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 两项涉及年轻成年人的研究 (N=231和N=61) 评估了不良童年经历 (ACE),自我报告的执行功能 (执行功能的行为评级清单 - BRIEF) 和其他心理变量.
- 第二个样本也接受了测量工作记忆,抑制控制和选择性注意力的实验室任务,并同时记录电脑电图 (EEG).
主要成果:
- 在两个样本中,更高的自我报告的ACE与更高的自我报告的执行功能困难在BRIEF上显著相关,即使在控制抑郁症和情绪调节之后.
- 然而,在第二个样本中,实验室执行功能任务的表现和EEG/事件相关潜力 (ERP) 措施都与ACE的个体差异无关.
结论:
- 早期的逆境预测了自我感知的执行功能挑战,但不是实验室环境中的客观表现或神经相关.
- 潜在的解释包括负面的自我评估偏见的个人与逆境的历史或目前的实验室任务的局限性在捕捉现实世界的执行功能缺陷.
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