开发一个复合评分系统,以对喀麦隆的零剂量儿童高风险社区进行排名:地理空间分析
Yauba Saidu1,2, Valirie N Agbor3, Pietro Di Mattei4
1Clinton Health Access Initiative Inc., Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Journal of global health
|November 16, 2023
概括
数以百万计的儿童仍然没有接种白喉,结和百日咳 (DTP) 疫苗,称为零剂量儿童 (ZDC). 使用地理空间分析的新评分方法确定了喀麦隆针对针对性DTP疫苗接种工作的高风险地区.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 地理空间分析是什么
背景情况:
- 全球数百万儿童,特别是发展中国家的儿童,没有接种白喉,结节和百日咳 (DTP) 疫苗,被称为零剂量儿童 (ZDC).
- 不可靠的疫苗接种覆盖面积分母复杂化了为必要的追赶疫苗接种活动优先考虑社区的努力,增加了流行病爆发的风险.
- 整合疫苗接种服务获取和利用的各种指标对于准确识别和排名具有ZDC高流行率的社区至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和描述一种新的评分方法来对喀麦隆的卫生区域进行排名,其依据是这些卫生区域在庇护零剂量儿童 (ZDC) 的可能性.
- 确定需要针对DTP疫苗接种追赶活动进行有针对性的干预措施的优先地区和卫生领域.
主要方法:
- 采用地理空间分析来总结健康区域的特征,包括难以到达的 (HTR) 定居点,贫民窟流行率和DTP-1未接种疫苗的儿童.
- 开发了一个加权平均得分系统,根据每个特征对接种和使用疫苗的影响分配权重.
- 该分析按农村和城市卫生区域分层,以提供对ZDC分布的细微见解.
主要成果:
- 观察到健康区域得分的区域和地区层面的显著差异,在极北,北部,阿达马瓦,东部和西南部地区确定了显著的热点.
- 阿达马瓦地区的健康区域比例最高,得分较高,表明ZDC存在的可能性很高.
- 虽然DTP-1非疫苗接种是大多数地区高分数的主要驱动因素,但难以到达的定居点地区在东部,北部和阿达马瓦地区的得分中起了重要作用.
结论:
- 开发的评分方法有效地确定了高度的零剂量儿童 (ZDC) 的卫生区域,突出了疫苗接种覆盖率的显著地理差异.
- 虽然DTP-1非接种疫苗是一个有用的一般指标,但难以到达的定居区提供了关键的额外信息,以优先考虑特定地区的干预措施.
- 这些发现强调了使用多指标方法的必要性,以便在零剂量疫苗接种运动中准确识别和优先考虑社区.
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