获得护理的人口和社会经济决定因素:使用新的以公平为中心的测量方法进行子组差异分析
Miao Qi1, Henrique Santos1, Paulo Pinheiro1,2
1Department of Computer Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America.
PloS one
|November 16, 2023
概括
医疗保健差异仍然存在,非私人保险和亚洲族裔与较差的糖尿病治疗有关. 疫苗接种公平性因疾病和社会经济因素而异,凸显了有针对性的卫生公平性干预措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 基于人口统计和社会经济地位的医疗保健获取和利用差异阻碍了健康公平.
- 量化这些与国家目标的差异对于解决不平等至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用以公平为中心的方法来量化医疗保健的获取和利用变化.
- 使用后勤回归识别与特定医疗保健服务使用相关的因素.
- 分析美国成年人糖尿病治疗和接种疫苗 (甲型肝炎,乙型肝炎和HPV) 的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用一种新的以公平为中心的方法来量化医疗保健获取/利用变化.
- 应用了调查加权后勤回归模型来识别与医疗保健使用相关的因素.
- 构建了一个国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 知识图,用于自动化数据分析.
- 对2013-2018年糖尿病治疗和HAV,HBV和HPV疫苗的NHANES数据进行了横截面差异分析.
主要成果:
- 非私人保险和亚裔患者接受先进抗糖尿病药物的可能性较低.
- 亚洲人在胰岛素处方几率上显示出微不足道的差异,但相对于人口分布来说,他们接受的治疗不足.
- 疫苗接种率因人口/社会经济因素而异,对HAV,HBV和HPV的影响不同.
- 根据种族/收入,HPV疫苗选择 (Cervarix vs. Gardasil) 不同,少数群体和较贫穷的社区获得的选择不那么全面.
结论:
- 鉴定和量化医疗保健利用糖尿病药物和疫苗的决定因素.
- 开发了用于NHANES数据差异分析的新方法,适用于更广泛的公共卫生目标.
- 该方法支持快速识别差异和制定政策,以推进健康公平.
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