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森林火灾烟雾沉积对土壤物理化学性质和细菌社区的影响

Zhongpan Zhu¹, Yuanfan Ma¹, Mulualem Tigabu²

¹College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation of Red Soil Region in Southern China, Fuzhou 350002, China.

The Science of the total environment

|November 16, 2023

概括

森林火灾的烟雾会影响土壤的特性和细菌群落. 低度的烟雾可以使土壤细菌受益,而较高度会改变土壤的碳,和水平.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
土壤科学土壤科学
微生物学微生物学

背景情况:

全球森林火灾和烟雾排放量增加对大气和生态系统健康产生影响.
现有的研究主要集中在现场火灾的影响上,忽视了烟雾对邻近生态系统的影响.
烟雾颗粒对土壤物理化学性质和微生物群落的影响机制尚未得到充分研究.

研究的目的:

评估不同森林火灾烟雾度对土壤物理化学性质和邻近农田的细菌群落的影响.
为了确定不同土壤深度 (0-10厘米和10-20厘米) 的影响.
研究土壤特性与细菌社区多样性之间的关系.

主要方法:

使用模拟的森林火灾燃烧系统来暴露土壤以控制低和高的烟雾度.
分析了土壤的物理化学特性,包括总碳 (TC),总 (TN),总 (TP),土壤含水量 (SWC) 和pH.
使用ACE,Chao1和PD_whole_tree指数评估细菌社区的丰富性和多样性,并分析了主要类型的相对丰富性.

主要成果:

烟雾沉积增加了顶部0-10厘米土壤层的TC,TN和TP,但SWC或pH没有显著变化.
细菌多样性指数显示出不同的趋势:ACE和Chao1下降,而PD_whole_tree在180天后增加.
蛋白质细菌的丰富性保持稳定,但Firmicutes减少;对10-20厘米层的影响不那么明显,但显示出更大的相对细菌变异.
最初观察到土壤特性和细菌α多样性之间的正相关性,随着时间的推移而减少.
蛋白质细菌,菌细菌和动菌细菌与TC,TN和SWC正相关.

结论:

森林火灾的烟雾显著影响土壤的物理化学特性和细菌群落,其影响取决于烟雾度.
低度的烟雾可能对土壤细菌群体有好处.
长期暴露于烟雾会改变土壤营养含量和细菌群体结构,对生态系统健康产生影响.

关键词:

香农多样性指数香农多样性指数烟雾沉积是一种烟雾沉积.土壤细菌社区的土壤细菌社区土壤碳是土壤中的碳.土壤气是土壤中的气.野火大火在野火大火

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