处理速度和持续的注意力在双相情感障碍和严重抑郁症:一个系统的审查和元分析
Bethany Little1,2, Megan Anwyll1, Laura Norsworthy1
1Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Bipolar disorders
|November 16, 2023
概括
处理速度和持续注意力的认知障碍在双相情感障碍 (BD) 和严重抑郁障碍 (MDD) 中很常见. 这些缺陷在各种情绪状态中持续存在,影响日常功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 认知障碍是双相情感障碍 (BD) 和严重抑郁症 (MDD) 的关键特征.
- 处理速度 (PS) 和持续注意力 (SA) 的缺陷被怀疑是这些条件下更广泛的认知缺陷的基础.
- 现有文献提出了关于BD和MDD中PS和SA损伤的性质和程度的异质发现.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和对处理速度 (PS) 和持续注意力 (SA) 障碍的文献进行元分析.
- 通过各种神经心理测试来评估这些认知缺陷的程度.
- 调查异质性的潜在来源,例如情绪状态.
主要方法:
- 对103项综合性研究进行综合性审查,比较患有BD (n=3452) 和MDD (n=5461) 个体的PS和SA表现,与健康对照 (n=8016) 相比.
- 对测量PS和SA的神经心理测试数据的元分析,为每个测试单独分析.
- 进行了子组分析,以探讨情绪状态 (症状与乐观) 之间的差异.
主要成果:
- 在大多数神经心理测试中,在BD和MDD中都观察到PS和SA的显著损伤,效果大小从小到大.
- 这些缺陷在许多测量标准中在症状和euthymic状态中都明显,尽管一些结果测量标准在euthymia中没有受到影响.
- 在测试中发现了相当大的异质性,甚至在按情绪状态分层后仍然存在,一些子组分析的数据不足.
结论:
- 患有BD和MDD的个体在大多数神经心理测试中表现出广泛的处理速度和持续的注意力障碍.
- 这些认知缺陷存在于不同的情绪状态中,突出显示了它们的持久性.
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以阐明这些障碍的确切性质,并控制临床混因素.
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