疫苗对COVID-19的有效性和现实世界的反弹
1Department of Health and Welfare, Pai Chai University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Clinical and experimental medicine
|November 16, 2023
概括
全球SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种率在高收入和非高收入国家显著减少了COVID-19病例和死亡. 然而,在高收入国家,病例和死亡人数反弹,这表明疫苗不能提供完全的预防.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19的流行,需要快速开发和部署疫苗.
- 了解疫苗对病例率和死亡率的实际有效性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估全球SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种率与COVID-19确诊病例和死亡率之间的关系.
- 为了比较高收入国家 (HIC) 与非高收入国家 (非HIC) 的这些影响.
主要方法:
- 来自111个国家与SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种报告的数据的纵向分析.
- 各国根据世界银行收入组分为HIC和非HIC的分层.
- 使用固定效应模型 (FEM) 来评估疫苗接种覆盖率的影响.
主要成果:
- 疫苗接种率的增加与每日确诊病例和死亡人数的减少相关,无论是HIC还是非HIC.
- 在非HIC中,首次和全面的疫苗接种覆盖率都与病例和死亡有负面关联.
- 在HIC中,虽然病例和死亡率最初下降,但后来反弹,这表明疫苗诱导的保护随着时间的推移受到限制.
结论:
- 在现实世界中,接种疫苗的覆盖率与每日COVID-19病例和死亡人数的减少有很大关系.
- 尽管最初取得了成功,但HIC病例和死亡人数的复苏表明,广泛接种疫苗并不能完全预防COVID-19.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解免疫力下降以及需要增强策略的需求.
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