横向传播维持宿主特异性和共生体的共同多样化,在一个繁殖的寄生宿主中
Luiz Gustavo A Pedroso1,2,3, Pavel B Klimov4,5,6, Sergey V Mironov7
1Departamento de Zoologia, Av. 24-A, 1515, 13506-900, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo State, Brazil. luizgustavopedroso@gmail.com.
Communications biology
|November 17, 2023
概括
水平传播的虫在闪亮的牛鸟 (Molothrus bonariensis) 上建立的可能性是垂直传播的三倍. 这凸显了水平接触在维持宿主-共生体系统中宿主特异性的重要作用.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
背景情况:
- 主体-共生体系统通常在传输是同种的时表现出共生学一致性,但与跨种的传输不一致.
- 鸟羽虫系统通常表现出高宿主特异性,但常见的共基因不一致,这是一个悖论.
- 闪亮的牛鸟 (Molothrus bonariensis) 是一种缺乏父母照顾的繁殖寄生虫,为研究水平传播的作用提供了一个独特的模型.
研究的目的:
- 为了量化同物种与物种间传播在闪亮的牛鸟中的相对重要性.
- 调查这个宿主-共生体系统中维持宿主特异性的机制.
- 为了使微进化的传播模式与宏观进化的共生遗传结果相协调.
主要方法:
- 评估闪亮的牛鸟的传播途径,重点关注由于父母照顾的缺乏而导致的水平传播.
- 通过同类物种的水平接触量化虫殖民率,而不是通过寄养父母的垂直传播.
- 将微进化传输动态与宏观进化主机切换率进行比较.
主要成果:
- 通过同类型的水平接触分散的虫物种在殖民闪亮的牛鸟方面比通过寄养父母垂直传播的物种成功三倍.
- 尽管频繁的物种间相互作用,但水平传播在微观进化层面上在虫殖民和宿主特异性中起着主导作用.
- 宏观进化分析显示,主机交换发生的频率与密码融合一样频繁,挑战了短期趋势的概括.
结论:
- 水平传播是维持鸟羽虫系统宿主特异性的关键,但往往被低估的因素.
- 微观进化传播模式并不总是预测宏观进化结果,这表明罕见事件显著影响了长期进化轨迹.
- 闪亮的牛鸟系统表明,频繁的水平传播可以保持特异性,尽管有机会进行跨物种相互作用.
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