ADHD,ASD的临床含义,以及它们在成年早期的共同发生 - - 未来的ABIS研究
Andrea Lebeña1, Åshild Faresjö2, Tomas Faresjö2
1Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. andrea.lebena@liu.se.
BMC psychiatry
|November 17, 2023
概括
注意缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 显著影响年轻人,造成社会经济和健康挑战. 同时出现的ADHD和ASD呈现出独特的脆弱性,突出了对终身支持的需求.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿童发病障碍注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 可以导致持续的功能和心理社会障碍进入成年期.
- 这些条件带来了巨大的个人和社会成本.
研究的目的:
- 研究患有多动症,自闭症或两种疾病的年轻成年人的社会经济困难,身体和精神相关疾病以及心理社会脆弱性.
- 了解这些神经发育条件对年轻人的生命轨迹的影响.
主要方法:
- 基于人口的前性研究 (ABIS) 涉及6,233名年轻成年人 (出生于1997-1999年),随访年龄为17-19岁.
- 从瑞典国家诊断登记处获得的ADHD和ASD诊断.
- 使用多项逻辑回归分析对患有多动症 (ADHD) (n=182),自闭症 (ASD) (n=78) 和并发症 (n=51) 的个体进行的病例对照研究.
主要成果:
- 患有多动症的个体有更高的财务困难,更差的睡眠质量和注意力集中问题的可能性.
- 患有自闭症的人更容易出现注意力障碍,对未来的信心较低,但风险行为较低.
- ADHD和ASD的同时出现与更高的失业率和潜在的自身免疫性疾病风险增加,以及胃痛风险降低有关.
结论:
- ADHD和ASD显著损害了多个生活领域,同时出现会造成严重的健康负担和心理社会脆弱性.
- 同时发生的群体与ADHD共享患病模式,但表现出不那么明显的认知和行为特征,类似于ASD.
- 强调对ADHD和ASD个体进行长期,以生命过程为导向的随访和支持的关键需求.
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