临床病理和外科手术相关风险因素对手术后低甲状腺功能障碍症的影响 全甲状腺切除术患者
K Sheetal1, N Deva Sooria1, G N Nikisha1
1Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Science and Research Center, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu India.
概括
在全甲状腺切除术期间识别下部甲状腺动脉 (ITA) 显著降低了手术后甲状腺缺陷症的风险. 这种细致的手术方法保留了副甲状腺的功能,导致相比传统方法的低血率较低.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 手术瘤学手术瘤学
- 人体解剖学 解剖学 解剖学
背景情况:
- 手术后的小甲状腺功能低下症是全甲状腺切除术的已知并发症,具有多种风险因素,但没有明确的预测因素.
- 准确识别和保护下甲状腺动脉 (ITA) 和其分支对于保持副甲状腺活力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估临床病理学和外科因素,特别是ITA的识别和保存,以预测手术后偏偏甲状腺症的风险.
- 为了比较使用细致的ITA识别的研究组和使用传统外科手术技术的对照组之间的低血症发生率.
主要方法:
- 在2014年至2022年期间,对416名接受全甲状腺切除术 (带或不带中央部解剖) 的患者进行了回顾性前性队列研究.
- 研究组:确定并追溯到甲状腺附近的ITA (A类:两侧保存,B类:一侧保存). 控制组:常规的囊剖析和外周血管绑定.
- 评估低血症发病率,包括症状,生化,过渡和永久的形式,在不同的手术方法和中央部剖析 (CND) 状态.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,低血症的患病率为11.4%. 与对照组 (14.5%) 相比,研究小组的低血症率显著降低 (3.8%).
- 仅接受甲状腺切除术的患者在研究组 (7%) 和对照组 (33%) 中的低血症发病率较低. 然而,在双边CND的情况下,研究组的发病率 (41%) 比对照组 (61%) 低.
- 永久性低血症在研究组<1%,对照组<4%. 仔细的ITA识别和保存显著降低了低血症的发生率,特别是在单边或双边的CND中.
结论:
- 保存供给副甲状腺的ITA分支导致更好的功能性保存和减少全甲状腺切除术后的低血症.
- 这种细致的外科手术技术提高了外科医生的解剖学理解和剖析技能,改善了结果,并预防了暂时和永久的低血症.
- 双边部剖析,粗额外甲状腺延伸和无意中切除甲状腺腺是低甲状腺功能障碍的重要危险因素.
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