对预测沉积物毒性测试中不良影响的机制模型的审查
Robert M Burgess1, Susan Kane Driscoll2, Adriana C Bejarano3
1Office of Research and Development/Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling/Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA.
Environmental toxicology and chemistry
|November 17, 2023
概括
机械模型通过改善对非离子有机污染物和金属的暴露预测,大大提升了受污染沉积物的毒性评估. 需要进一步的研究来解决剩余的挑战,并完善环境管理人员的风险评估.
科学领域:
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 风险评估 风险评估
- 环境化学环境化学
背景情况:
- 生物可用性对于理解沉积物中的化学毒性至关重要.
- 机械模型已经发展了40多年来,以估计暴露和预测不良影响.
- 目前的审查调查了受污染沉积物的毒性评估中的机械建模状态.
研究的目的:
- 为污染沉积物的毒性提供机械模型的最新调查.
- 突出进展,特别是在非离子有机污染物和金属方面.
- 确定未来模型开发的关键研究需求.
主要方法:
- 对基于平衡分区 (Eq-P) 的模型进行暴露估计的审查.
- 亚伯拉罕方程的应用来估计分区系数.
- 整合物种灵敏度分布和毒动力学/毒动力学模型.
- 污染物混合物的建模,例如多环芳.
主要成果:
- 使用Eq-P模型对非离子有机污染物 (NOC) 和双价金属的暴露建模取得了实质性进展.
- 在与仅水效应数据相结合时,成功预测了NOC和金属的沉积物毒性.
- 由于复杂的分区,对离子/极性有机污染物的进展较少.
- 越来越多地应用物种灵敏度分布和TK/TD模型.
- 成功建模了诸如PAHs这样的污染物混合物的不良影响.
结论:
- 机械模型是预测污染沉积物的毒性强大的工具.
- 尽管取得了进展,但对于进一步的模型开发和应用仍然存在关键的研究需求.
- 持续开发对于向环境科学家,管理人员和决策者提供关于沉积物风险的信息至关重要.
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